Anxiety is a state of nervousness or fear; it is often experienced as persistent worrying, feeling on edge or apprehensive. Anxiety can be mild and easy to control, but when it is severe it can be debilitating. Anxiety can also take slightly different forms, ranging from specific phobias, to social anxieties, excessive worrying or obsessive behaviours. In its acute state anxiety can be experienced as Panic Attacks. Anxiety can impact on a person’s ability to engage in their daily activities, relationships and study/work. Psychological therapy is very effective in the treatment of anxiety. In severe cases, your doctor may also recommend a course of medication. Depending on the factors underlying your anxiety, lifestyle changes may also be beneficial. These may involve reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, increasing exercise and addressing factors contributing to your stress levels.
Anxiety
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What to look for
Symptoms of Anxiety
- Excessive and difficult to control worrying
- Feeling “on edge” or “wound up”
- Disturbances in sleep, feeling restless and easily tired
- Headaches and muscular tension
- Irritability
- Heart palpitations and/or trembling
- Quickened breathing
- Excessive sweating
- Feeling light-headed, dizziness
- Diarrhoea, nausea or stomach upsets
- Difficulty with concentration and short-term memory
- Numbness or “pins and needles” in hands or feet
Individuals may develop anxiety due to many factors, some of them including:
- A genetic predisposition to develop anxiety
- Personality factors
- Environmental or external factors e.g. a traumatic event or financial stressors
- A chemical imbalance
- Medical factors e.g. an illness which causes shortness of breath can worsen feelings of anxiety
- Stress often triggers or worsens anxiety
- Anxiety may lead people to use alcohol or substances as a coping strategy, however over time these can worsen the anxiety
Treatments for Anxiety
Psychological therapy is very effective in the treatment of anxiety. In severe cases, your doctor may also recommend a course of medication. Depending on the factors underlying your anxiety, lifestyle changes may also be beneficial. These may involve reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, increasing exercise and addressing factors contributing to your stress levels.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a very popular and effective approach to treating anxiety. CBT helps you develop physical relaxation strategies to cope better with the bodily symptoms of anxiety, as well as teaching you to think about the situations that provoke anxiety in a different way. Depending on the nature of your anxiety, psychological treatment might also focus on supporting you to face your fears in a gentle, graded way, with the aim of increasing your confidence and mastering your fears.